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Control Yuan

1. Overview
2. Leadership and structure
• Presidents of the Control Yuan
• Vice Presidents of the Control Yuan
• Secretary-generals of the Control Yuan since 1945
• Departments in the Control Yuan
• Committees under the Control Yuan
3. Control Yuan members
• Members of the Control Yuan since 1948
4. Ministry of Audit under the Control Yuan
• National Audit Office (NAO) aka Ministry of Audit

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◆ Overview

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✉ Control Yuan 監察院
No. 2 Zhongxiao East Road Sec. 1, Zhongzheng District, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan ROC [10051 台北市中正區忠孝東路 1 段 2 號] ———————————— 🌏 Control Yuan – Web link
Older logo (before August 2021)

The Control Yuan (jiancha yuan 監察院), established on Feb. 2, 1931—based on its forerunner, the Auditing Yuan (shenjiyuan 審計院) which had been set up on April 27, 1928—is tasked with impeaching and censuring state officials and auditing government agencies.

In the political system of the ROC, the Control Yuan is one of the five Yuan on the central level. It usually consists of its president, vice president and a council of 27 members (jiancha weiyuan 監察委員). All members of the Control Yuan, including its president, vice president and the auditor-general, are appointed by the ROC president with the consent of the Legislative Yuan for a term of six years.

The Control Yuan has one subordinate agency—the Ministry of Audit (shenjibu 審計部, est. February 1931) aka National Audit Office (NAO), headed by an auditor-general (shenjizhang 審計長).

Historically, the Board of Public Censors (douchayuan 都察院), an agency that already existed during the dynasties of Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911), can be regarded as a forerunner of the ROC's Control Yuan. The Control Yuan has also been described as similar in purpose to the Ombudsman, a censorial institution in Scandinavian countries. In August 1994 the ROC Control Yuan became a voting member of the International Ombudsman Institute (IOI). However, the continued existence of the Control Yuan is subject of an ongoing debate.

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◆ Leadership and structure

• Presidents of the Control Yuan
• Vice Presidents of the Control Yuan
• Secretary-generals of the Control Yuan since 1945
• Departments in the Control Yuan
• Committees under the Control Yuan

The Control Yuan is headed by a president (yuanzhang 院長), the other two most senior positions are vice president (fu yuanzhang 副院長) and secretary-general (mishuzhang 秘書長). Like in the Executive Yuan, each ministry is led by a minister (buzhang 部長).

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Presidents of the Control Yuan

Please note that the operations of the Control Yuan were suspended between Feb. 1, 2005 and July 31, 2008 after ROC President Chen Shui-bian's list of Control Yuan nominations was repeatedly rejected by the Legislative Yuan where the KMT/blue camp had a majority during that period.

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Vice Presidents of the Control Yuan

The position of Control Yuan vice president was vacant between 2020 and 2022 because ROC President Tsai Ing-wen's nomination of Justin Huang 黃健庭 (a former Taitung County magistrate and member of the KMT) was criticized by both the DPP and KMT.

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Secretary-generals of the Control Yuan since 1945

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Departments in the Control Yuan

▶  Department of Asset-Declaration by Public Functionaries (gongzhi renyuan caichan shenbaochu 公職人員財產申報處)
▶  Department of Secretariat (mishuchu 秘書處)
▶  Department of Supervisory Investigations (jiancha diaochachu 監察調查處)
▶  Department of Supervisory Operations (jiancha yewuchu 監察業務處)
▶  Accounting Office (kuaijishi 會計室)
▶  Ethics Office (zhengfengshi 政風室)
▶  General Planning Office (zonghe guihuashi 綜合規劃室)
▶  Information Management Office (zixunshi 資訊室)
▶  Personnel Office (renshishi 人事室)
▶  Statistics Office (tongjishi 統計室)

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Committees under the Control Yuan

• Standing Committees
• Special Committees
• National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)

Besides the Ministry of Audit, there are standing committees (changshe weiyuanhui 常設委員會) and special committees (tezhong weiyuanhui 特種委員會) under the Control Yuan:

Standing Committees

▶  Committee on Domestic and Minority Affairs (neizheng ji shaoshu minzu weiyuanhui 內政及少數民族委員會)
▶  Committee on Educational and Cultural Affairs (jiaoyu ji wenhua weiyuanhui 教育及文化委員會)
▶  Committee on Financial and Economic Affairs (caizheng ji jingji weiyuanhui 財政及經濟委員會)
▶  Committee on Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs (waijiao ji qiaozheng weiyuanhui 外交及僑政委員會)
▶  Committee on Judicial and Prison Administration Affairs (sifa ji yuzheng weiyuanhui 司法及獄政委員會)
▶  Committee on National Defense and Intelligence Affairs (guofang ji qingbao weiyuanhui 國防及情報委員會)
▶  Committee on Transportation and Procurement Affairs (jiaotong ji caigou weiyuanhui 交通及採購委員會)

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Special Committees

▶  Administrative Appeal Committee [Deliberation of Petitions] (suyuan shenyi weiyuanhui 訴願審議委員會)
▶  Committee on Anti-Corruption (lianzheng weiyuanhui 廉政委員會)
▶  Committee on Consultation (zixun weiyuanhui 諮詢委員會)
▶  Committee on Discipline for Control Yuan Members (jiancha weiyuan jilü weiyuanhui 監察委員紀律委員會)
▶  Committee on Human Rights Protection (renquan baozhang weiyuanhui 人權保障委員會)
▶  Committee on Statutory Studies (fagui yanjiu weiyuanhui 法規研究委員會)
▶  Budgetary Planning and Administration Committee (yusuan guihua yu zhixing xiaozu 預算規劃與執行小組)
▶  International Affairs Committee (guoji shiwu xiaozu 國際事務小組)

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National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)

✉ National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) 國家人權委員會
No. 2 Zhongxiao East Road Sec. 1, Zhongzheng District, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan ROC [10051 台北市中正區忠孝東路 1 段 2 號] ———————————— 🌏 NHRC – Web link

The NHRC (guojia renquan weiyuanhui 國家人權委員會, abbrev. renquanhui 人權會; 🏁—zhuren weiyuan 主任委員) was formally set up on Aug. 1, 2020 after the ROC Legislative Yuan on Dec. 10, 2019 passed the Organic Act of the Control Yuan National Human Rights Commission (guojia renquan weiyuanhui zuzhifa 國家人權委員會組織法). It is designed to be a body with wide-ranging government oversight powers, and its duties include investigating human rights abuses, proposing changes to human rights law based on international standards, compiling an annual human rights report, and promoting related educational endeavors. The NHRC was based on its predecessor organization, the Presidential Office Human Rights Consultative Committee (zongtongfu renquan zixun weiyuanhui 總統府人權諮詢委員會) which had been established on Dec. 10, 2010.

The NHRC is headed by its chairperson who is also the President of the Control Yuan. The eight commissioners (weiyuan 委員) are all incumbent members of the Control Yuan. NHRC staff also includes an Executive Secretary (zhixing mishu 執行秘書) and a Deputy Executive Secretary (fu zhixing mishu 副執行秘書). The NHRC has the following subdivisions:

• Education and Promotion Division (jiaoyu jiaoliuzu 教育交流組),
• Planning, Evaluation, and Investigation Division (fangcha zuoyezu 訪查作業組), and
• Research and Planning Division (yanjiu qihuazu 研究企劃組).

The First NHRC (tenure: 2020, Aug. 1—2026, July 31) has the following permanent members (dangran weiyuan 當然委員):

Chen Chu 陳菊 (chairperson and commissioner);
Chi Hui-jung 紀惠容 (commissioner),
Upay Radiw Kanasaw aka Antonio Hong 鴻義章 (commissioner),
Kao Yung-cheng 高涌誠 (commissioner),
Liu Tien Chiu-chin 田秋堇 (commissioner),
Wang Jung-chang 王榮璋 (commissioner),
Wang Yu-ling 王幼玲 (commissioner), and
Yeh Ta-hua 葉大華 (commissioner).

Furthermore, the NHRC has two additional commissioners who serve a shorter tenure of one year (linpai weiyuan 遴派委員), also recruited from Control Yuan members.

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◆ Control Yuan members

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Members of the Control Yuan since 1948

• First Control Yuan (6/1948—1/1993): 156 members
• Second Control Yuan (2/1993—1/1999): 32 members
• Third Control Yuan (2/1999—1/2005): 28 members
• Fourth Control Yuan (8/2008—7/2014): 29 members
• Fifth Control Yuan (8/2014—7/2020): 18 + 11 members
• Sixth Control Yuan (8/2020—7/2026): 27 members

First Control Yuan (6/1948—1/1993): 156 members

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Second Control Yuan (2/1993—1/1999): 32 members

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Third Control Yuan (2/1999—1/2005): 28 members

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Fourth Control Yuan (8/2008—7/2014): 29 members

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Fifth Control Yuan (8/2014—7/2020): 18 + 11 members

After the ROC Legislative Yuan on July 29, 2014 had approved only 18 out of 29 candidates for the Fifth Control Yuan nominated by then-ROC President Ma Ying-jeou, 11 seats were left open. On March 1, 2017 ROC President Tsai Ing-wen nominated new candidates to fill the vacancies, and the Legislative Yuan approved those nominees on Jan. 16, 2018:

Chen Shih-meng announced his resignation on Jan. 16, 2020.

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Sixth Control Yuan (8/2020—7/2026): 27 members

Pasuya Poiconu's name is sometimes also spelled Pasuya Poiconü, Pasuya Poiconx or Pasuya Poitsonu in English.

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◆ Ministry of Audit under the Control Yuan

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National Audit Office (NAO) aka Ministry of Audit

✉ Ministry of Audit/National Audit Office (Control Yuan) 監察院審計部
No. 1 Hangzhou North Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei City 10058, Taiwan ROC [10058 台北市中正區杭州北路 1 號] ———————————— 🌏 NAO – Web link

The Ministry of Audit (shenjibu 審計部) aka National Audit Office (NAO) was established on April 27, 1928 as Auditing Yuan (shenjiyuan 審計院) which was downgraded on Feb. 2, 1931.

NAO ministers

The official title of the NAO head is auditor-general (shenjizhang 審計長). The NAO has the following subdivisions:

▶  Council of Assistant Auditor General (shenyi huiyi 審計會議);
▶  The First Bureau (diyiting 第一廳),
▶  The Second Bureau (dierting 第二廳),
▶  The Third Bureau (disanting 第三廳),
▶  The Fourth Bureau (disiting 第四廳),
▶  The Fifth Bureau (diwuting 第五廳);
▶  Audit Division on Construction of Transportation & Communication (jiaoting jianshe shenjichu 交通建設審計處),
▶  Audit Division on Education & Agriculture (jiaoyu nonglin shenjichu 教育農林審計處),
▶  General Affairs Department (zongwuchu 總務處);
▶  Accounting Office (kuaijishi 會計室),
▶  Anti-Corruption Office (zhengfengshi 政風室),
▶  Audit Reviewal Office (fushenshi 覆審室),
▶  Counselor Office (canshi bangongshi 參事辦公室),
▶  Personnel Office (renshishi 人事室),
▶  Secretariat Office (mishushi 秘書室),
▶  Statistics Office (tongjishi 統計室);
▶  Commission on Annual Audit Report (zhongyang zhengfu zong juesuan shenhe weiyuanhui 中央政府總決算審核委員會),
▶  Commission on Appealing (suyuan shenyi weiyuanhui 訴願審議委員會),
▶  Commission on Audit Evolution (tuidong shenji zhidu gaige weiyuanhui 推動審計制度改革委員會),
▶  Commission on Consultation (zixun weiyuanhui 諮詢委員會),
▶  Commission on Laws & Ordinance (fagui weiyuanhui 法規委員會),
▶  Commission on R&D (shenji yewu yanjiu weiyuanhui 審計業務研究委員會), and
▶  Commission on Training (shenji renyuan xunlian weiyuanhui 審計人員訓練委員會).

Furthermore, the NAO operates Audit Divisions (shenjichu 審計處) in all ROC special municipalities as well as Audit Offices (shenjishi 審計室) in all county-level cities and counties of the ROC—except Lienchiang County.

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